Parkinson’s disease is a chronic and progressive condition that primarily affects the motor system. It develops gradually, often starting with mild symptoms that worsen over time. While there is no cure for Parkinson’s disease, treatments are available to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for slowing disease progression and maintaining independence.

The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease vary from person to person and typically develop slowly. Common symptoms include:

Tremors: Shaking, often starting in the hands or fingers.

Bradykinesia: Slowed movement, making simple tasks difficult and time-consuming.

Muscle stiffness: Rigidity in the limbs or trunk, causing pain and limiting range of motion.

Postural instability: Impaired balance and coordination, leading to falls.

Gait changes: Shuffling steps or difficulty walking.

Non-motor symptoms:

Depression, anxiety, and mood changes.

Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or REM sleep behavior disorder.

Cognitive changes, including memory problems or difficulty concentrating.

Loss of smell, constipation, and other autonomic nervous system issues.

The exact cause of Parkinson’s disease is unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Key factors include:

Loss of dopamine-producing neurons: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate movement. Its depletion leads to Parkinson’s symptoms.

Lewy bodies: Abnormal protein deposits in the brain that disrupt normal function.

Genetic mutations: Certain genetic changes are linked to an increased risk of Parkinson’s.

Environmental triggers: Exposure to toxins, such as pesticides or heavy metals, may increase the risk.

There is no specific test for Parkinson’s disease. Diagnosis is based on a thorough evaluation, including:

Medical history: Reviewing symptoms, family history, and overall health.

Neurological examination: Assessing movement, coordination, and reflexes.

Response to medication: Improvement with dopamine-enhancing drugs may support a Parkinson’s diagnosis.

Imaging tests: MRI or CT scans to rule out other conditions.

DaTscan: A specialized imaging test to evaluate dopamine levels in the brain.

MSC (Mesenchymal Stem Cells) Therapy:

MSC therapy involves using stem cells derived from various sources, one of them is umbilical cord. These stem cells have the ability to repair damaged cartilage, reduce inflammation, and promote joint regeneration.

Medications:

Several medications are approved by regulatory bodies that can temporarily slow the progression of symptoms in some individuals.

Non-drug therapies:

These include: Cognitive stimulation therapy: Activities designed to enhance cognitive function. Behavioral therapies: Strategies to manage behavioral problems like agitation or anxiety. Occupational therapy: Help with adapting the home environment and daily tasks. Support groups: Providing emotional support and education for individuals with Alzheimer's and their families.

Lifestyle changes:

Maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and social engagement can also be beneficial.